Chiyambi cha Zima: Zoyambira Zakale ndi Kufunika Kwambiri mu Mawu 24 a Solar aku China

Mpweya wabwino ukakhazikika ndipo masiku akucheperachepera, kusintha kuchokera m'dzinja kupita m'nyengo yozizira kumadziwika ndi nthawi yofunika yotchedwa "Beginning of Winter" (立冬, Lìdōng) mu kalendala ya mwezi wa China. Mawuwa ndi amodzi mwa mawu 24 adzuwa omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka mazana ambiri kutsogolera ntchito zaulimi, zikhalidwe, komanso zikondwerero zanyengo ku China. Kumvetsetsa magwero a mbiri yakale ya Chiyambi cha Zima ndi malo ake mkati mwa mawu a dzuwa 24 aku China kumapereka chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cholemera cha chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina komanso kugwirizana kwake kwakukulu ndi chilengedwe.

 

 

 

Mawu achi China 24 a Solar: Chidule

 

Lingaliro la mawu adzuwa linayambira ku China wakale, ndi zolemba zakale kwambiri zopezeka m'malemba a Mzera wa Han (206 BCE - 220 CE). Mawu 24 a dzuwa amagawa chaka cha dzuwa kukhala zigawo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, nyengo, ndi ulimi. Nthawi iliyonse imakhala pafupifupi masiku 15, ndikulemba mfundo zazikulu mu kalendala ya dzuwa. Mawu amenewa samangosonyeza mmene zinthu zilili m’chilengedwe komanso amathandiza alimi kudziwa nthawi yabwino yobzala, yokolola, ndi ntchito zina zaulimi.

 

Mawu 24 a solar ndi awa:

 

1. Chiyambi cha Spring (立春, Lìchūn)

2.Madzi amvula (madzi amvula, Yǔshuǐ)

3.Kudzutsidwa kwa Tizilombo

4.Spring Equinox (春 Equinox, Chūnfēn)

5. Choyera ndi Chowala (清明, Qīngmíng)

6.Grain Rain (古雨, Gǔyǔ)

7. Chiyambi cha Chilimwe (Lixia, Lìxià)

8.Grain Full (小满, Xiǎomǎn)

9.Summer Solstice (nyengo yachilimwe, Xiàzhì)

10.Kutentha pang'ono (小热, Xiǎoshǔ)

11. Kutentha Kwakukulu (大热, Dàshǔ)

12. Chiyambi cha Yophukira (立秋, Lìqiū)

13. Kutha kwa Kutentha (Kutentha Kwambiri, Chùshǔ)

14.Mphukira Equinox (Yophukira Equinox, Qiūfēn)

15. Cold Dew (Hanlu, Hánlù)

16. Kutsika kwa Frost ( Kutsika kwa Frost, Shuāngjiàng)

17.Kuyamba kwa Zima (立冬, Lìdōng)

18.Chipale chofewa (小雪, Xiǎoxuě)

19. Chipale chofewa (大雪, Dàxuě)

20.Winter Solstice (Winter Solstice, Dōngzhi)

21. Kuzizira pang'ono (小Han, Xiǎohán)

22 Great Cold (大汉, Dàhán)

23. Chiyambi cha Kasupe (立春, Lìchūn)

24.Madzi amvula (madzi amvula, Yǔshuǐ)

 

Pakati pa izi, Chiyambi cha Zima ndi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chifukwa chimasonyeza kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira kwambiri ya chaka.

 

Mbiri Yakale ya Chiyambi cha Zima

 

Chiyambi cha Zima chimakondweretsedwa mwamwambo pa Novembara 7 kapena 8, kutengera chaka, pomwe dzuŵa limafika kumtunda wakumwamba wa madigiri 225. Mawu akuti dzuŵa amangosonyeza kusintha kwa nyengo; zakhazikika m'mbiri yakale ndi miyambo yachikhalidwe yomwe yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka zikwi zambiri.

 

Magwero a Chiyambi cha Zima atha kutsatiridwa ndi magulu akale a zaulimi ku China. Kuyambira m’nthawi ya Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 B.C.E.), anthu a ku China anali kuonerera kwambiri chilengedwe, ndipo anapanga kalendala yosonyeza mmene chilengedwe chimayendera. Chiyambi cha Dzinja inali nthawi yoti alimi akonzekerere mavuto amene akubwera. Inali nthawi yosinkhasinkha ndi kukonzekera, pamene alimi ankapenda zokolola zawo ndi kukonzekera koyenera kwa miyezi yozizira.

 

Kale, Chiyambi cha Zima chinkagwirizananso ndi miyambo ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana yomwe cholinga chake chinali kuonetsetsa kuti kukolola bwino m'chaka chomwe chikubwera. Anthu ankapereka nsembe kwa milungu ndi makolo awo, kufunafuna madalitso a mabanja awo ndi mbewu zawo. Miyambo imeneyi nthawi zambiri inkaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zapanyengo, zomwe ankakhulupirira kuti zimapatsa mphamvu ndi kutentha m’miyezi yozizira.

 

Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe cha Chiyambi cha Zima

 

Chiyambi cha Zima si chizindikiro cha nyengo chabe; ndi nthawi ya kufunikira kwa chikhalidwe komwe kumakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa Chitchaina. Mawuwa nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi lingaliro la "kusunga mphamvu" kwa miyezi yozizira, mwakuthupi ndi mwauzimu. Lingaliro ili likuwonetsedwa mu mankhwala achikhalidwe achi China, omwe amatsindika kufunika kodyetsa thupi ndi kusunga bwino pa nyengo yozizira.

 

Imodzi mwa miyambo yodziwika kwambiri yokhudzana ndi Chiyambi cha Zima ndikukonzekera ndi kudya zakudya zinazake. M’madera ambiri a ku China, mabanja amasonkhana kuti asangalale ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimene zili ndi michere yambirimbiri komanso kutentha. Zakudya monga dumplings, mphika wotentha, ndi mphodza zosiyanasiyana ndizodziwika panthawiyi, zomwe zimasonyeza kufunikira kwa kutentha ndi chakudya pamene kutentha kumatsika.

 

Kuphatikiza pa miyambo yophikira, Chiyambi cha Zima ndi nthawi yamagulu abanja komanso zochitika zamagulu. Anthu ambiri amapezerapo mwayi wokaona achibale ndi anzawo, n’kumalimbitsa ubwenzi wawo ndi kucheza nawo. Kugogomezera pabanja ndi anthu ammudzi ndi chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina, ndipo Chiyambi cha Zima chimakhala chikumbutso cha kufunikira kwa kugwirizana kumeneku.

 

Chiyambi cha Zima mu Nyengo Zamakono

 

Mu China yamakono, Chiyambi cha Zima chikupitirizabe kukondwerera, ngakhale ndi kusintha kwa miyambo ndi machitidwe. Ngakhale kuti miyambo yambiri yachikhalidwe yasungidwa, moyo wamakono wakhudzanso momwe anthu amaonera mawu oyendera dzuwa. Kukula kwa mizinda komanso kufulumira kwa moyo wamasiku ano kwachititsa kuti anthu asinthe maganizo awo, ndipo anthu ambiri amaika patsogolo zinthu zabwino kuposa miyambo.

 

Komabe, chiyambi cha Chiyambi cha Zima sichinasinthe. M'mizinda ku China, anthu amasangalalabe ndi zakudya zam'nyengo komanso kutenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yabanja. Mawuwa amakhala ngati chikumbutso cha mayendedwe amoyo komanso kufunika kozolowera kusintha kwa nyengo. Zimalimbikitsa anthu kuganizira za moyo wawo, kukhazikitsa zolinga za miyezi ikubwerayi, ndikulandira chikondi cha anthu ammudzi ndi mabanja.

 

Mapeto

 

Chiyambi cha Zima ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri ya dzuwa mu kalendala yaku China, yomwe ikuwonetsa kusintha kwa nyengo yozizira kwambiri pachaka. Magwero ake a mbiriyakale amachokera ku ntchito zaulimi, miyambo ya chikhalidwe, ndi kusunga mayendedwe a chilengedwe. Monga nthawi yosinkhasinkha, kukonzekera, ndi madera, Chiyambi cha Zima chikupitilizabe kukhala chofunikira m'magulu amakono aku China.

 

Kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la mawu oyendera dzuwa sikungowonjezera kuyamikira kwathu chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina komanso kuwunikira mitu yapadziko lonse yakusintha, kulimba mtima, komanso kufunikira kolumikizana ndi chilengedwe komanso wina ndi mnzake. Pamene tikuvomereza kuzizira kwa nyengo yachisanu, timakumbutsidwa za chikondi chimene chimabwera kuchokera kwa achibale, mabwenzi, ndi zokumana nazo zomwe zimatigwirizanitsa.